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br Concluding remarks It is clear that a disordered l
2025-01-18
Concluding remarks It is clear that a disordered l-arginine homeostasis by changes in arginase, NOS and ADMA activity and expression, is not only vital in the chronic airway diseases, Nitidine chloride and COPD, but also seems to play an important role in many co-morbidities. Unknown, however, i
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As with most G protein coupled receptors GPCRs sustained
2025-01-18
As with most G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), sustained activation of APJ can cause desensitization and this has been reported to occur for APJ-mediated effects on cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, as well as for effects on activity of adenylyl cyclase, ERK and Akt (Ishida et al., 2004, Masri et
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(+)-Niguldipine salt Insulin is the central hormone involved
2025-01-18
Insulin is the central hormone involved in the control of glucose and lipid metabolism. Other nonmetabolic effects of insulin are intensively studied as well. Activation of insulin receptor not only promotes glucose uptake, protein synthesis, and inhibits lipid metabolism, but also is crucial for re
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br Regulation of BCAA catabolism The
2025-01-18
Regulation of BCAA catabolism The BCAA catabolic system is equipped in mammalian cells to dispose of excess BCAAs, presumably resulting in relatively stable concentrations of BCAAs in blood and tissues in humans. The main BCAA catabolic pathway is localized in the mitochondria of all tissues. The
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Tephrosia purpurea Linn pers Fabaceae
2025-01-17
Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) pers, (Fabaceae), a widely growing herbaceous perennial is reported to exhibit significant anti-hyperglycemic activity in animal models [7], [8], [9] as well as able to delay the development of diabetic complications [10], [11]. Recently, we have reported T. purpurea for i
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Spectroscopic techniques are powerful biophysical tools used
2025-01-17
Spectroscopic techniques are powerful biophysical tools used in the study of biomolecular structures, including those of proteins. UV–Vis Motilin receptor blocker spectroscopy makes use of absorption property of the protein peptide backbone at around 218 nm, and aromatic amino acid residues primari
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br Material and methods br Results br
2025-01-17
Material and methods Results Discussion Neurotransmitters pathways within vertebrates, including fish, are well conserved (Kreke and Dietrich, 2008, Valenti et al., 2012). Therefore psycopharmaceuticals that are design to act on these pathways in mammals, will possibly interact with the sam
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aim products receptor agonists simulate norepinephrine NE in
2025-01-17
α2 agonists simulate norepinephrine (NE) in binding to presynaptic surface autoreceptors, which in turn mediates feedback inhibition of NE release. Another major control mechanism for noradrenergic neurotransmission is termination of signaling by presynaptic NE transporter (NET)-mediated NE reuptake
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Our in vitro data show that
2025-01-17
Our in vitro data show that CyaA does not play a critical role in the bacterial adherence to mammalian cells. This observation is in contrast to previous studies that reported a role for CyaA in FHA-mediated adherence of B. pertussis bacteria to the respiratory epithelial honokiol [37,38]. This disc
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Serum soluble sCD is a shedding
2025-01-17
Serum soluble sCD21 is a shedding product from the ectodomain of membrane CD21 after B cell activation (Masilamani et al., 2003, Masilamani et al., 2004a, Masilamani et al., 2004b, Grottenthaler et al., 2006, Hoefer et al., 2008), which resembles the ligand-binding capacity of intact CD21 (Wu et al.
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br Acknowledgements MC and PD
2025-01-17
Acknowledgements MC and PD were funded by the Michael J Fox Foundation (Grant ID 9969). We would like to thank Pierluigi Saba, Francesco Traccis and Barbara Tuveri for their technical assistance. Introduction In the prostate, androgens play a crucial role in normal, BPH and cancerous growth b
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Signaling through Axl can lead
2025-01-17
Signaling through Axl can lead to activation of the PI3K/Akt and Ras/MAPK pathways which promote cellular phenotypes (e.g., transformation, migration) consistent with pro-survival and pro-metastatic effects., , Inhibition of Axl activity by a variety of approaches (including pharmacologic, dominant
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Aurora A overexpression is also related to the
2025-01-17
Aurora-A overexpression is also related to the activation of NF-κB, a potent anti-apoptotic effector that may play a role in preventing apoptosis in cancer Diphenyleneiodonium chloride [18]. These data show that we are still at the beginning of unraveling the complex mechanism by which these gene
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br Oxidative microbe killing and V ATPase
2025-01-17
Oxidative microbe killing and V-ATPase Oxidative killing of phagocytosed microorganisms is predominately achieved through the uptake of large quantities of molecular oxygen by the infected cell and the activity particularly of the NADPH oxidase complex on phagosomes (Savina et al., 2006) and the
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br Introduction Throughout early prophase I meiotic cells in
2025-01-17
Introduction Throughout early prophase I, meiotic cells intentionally generate DSBs as part of a stringently controlled process to initiate homologous recombination (HR). HR is a critical DSB repair pathway that ultimately permits the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes
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